Vagrant,一句话概括,即快速部署虚拟机的工具。
安装 vagrant
根据不同的操作系统平台,在 https://www.vagrantup.com/ 选择相应版本安装。
使用 vagrant
命令
下载虚拟机
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| vagrant box add <name> # 添加镜像
vagrant box list # 查看镜像
vagrant box remove <name> # 删除镜像
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可以在 https://app.vagrantup.com/boxes/search 查找需要的虚拟机,提前下载。如果不下载的话,在后面用 up 启动的时候也会自动下载。
初始化虚拟机
启动虚拟机
不同的系统有其对应默认的虚拟机,但也可以用 --provider 指定,如 hyperv、libvirt、virtualbox、VMware 等。
重载虚拟机
在修改 vagrantfile 配置文件后需要重启生效。
查看虚拟机
登录虚拟机
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| vagrant ssh
vagrant rdp
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根据不同的虚拟机的操作系统,选用不同方式登录。
停开虚拟机
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| vagrant suspend # 挂起
vagrant resume # 恢复
vagrant halt # 关机
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销毁虚拟机
自定义 Vagrantfile
使用 vagrant init 会生成一个 Vagrantfile。
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| # -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :
# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure
# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for
# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what
# you're doing.
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
# The most common configuration options are documented and commented below.
# For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at
# https://docs.vagrantup.com.
# Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for
# boxes at https://vagrantcloud.com/search.
config.vm.box = "centos-7"
# Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then
# boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs
# `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended.
# config.vm.box_check_update = false
# Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
# within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,
# accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.
# NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port
# config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080
# Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
# within the machine from a port on the host machine and only allow access
# via 127.0.0.1 to disable public access
# config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"
# Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine
# using a specific IP.
# config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"
# Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network.
# Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on
# your network.
# config.vm.network "public_network"
# Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is
# the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is
# the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third
# argument is a set of non-required options.
# config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"
# Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various
# backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options.
# Example for VirtualBox:
#
# config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
# # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine
# vb.gui = true
#
# # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
# vb.memory = "1024"
# end
#
# View the documentation for the provider you are using for more
# information on available options.
# Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as
# Ansible, Chef, Docker, Puppet and Salt are also available. Please see the
# documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use.
# config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
# apt-get update
# apt-get install -y apache2
# SHELL
end
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除去注释,实际仅为三行内容:
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| Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
config.vm.box = "centos-7"
end
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它是一个采用 ruby 语法的配置文件。HH 如果需要更多的调整,则需要变更其他配置。
- config.vm.network:可以配置网络,如端口转发、私有网络、公有网络;
- config.vm.syncedfolder:可以配置同步目录;
- config.vm.provider:可以调整虚机类型;
- config.vm.provision:可以构造自动任务。
Author
winsphinx
LastMod
2023-04-28
(7dea1e52)
[笔记] vagrant
License
