\(\LaTeX\) 是一个用于书写以及排版的计算机语言。它在写数学符号和公式方面尤其方便。
在 Emacs 中写 \(\LaTeX\) 通常使用 AUCTeX。
综述
- 这是行内公式(inline equation)的例子,用
$...$ 或 \(...\) 包括:如 \(E=mc^2\) ,或是 \(e^{i\pi}+1=0\)。 - 这是行间公式(displayed equation)的例子,用
$$...$$ 或 \[...\] 包括:\[ \cos\theta=1- \frac {2*(\tan\alpha’)^2*(\tan\gamma’)^2} {(\tan\alpha’*\tan\gamma’)^2+(\tan\alpha’)^2+(\tan\gamma’)^2} \tag{1} \]
字体
| 写法 | 效果 |
|---|
\mathbb{text} | \(\mathbb{ABC}\) |
\mathbf{text} | \(\mathbf{ABC}\) |
\mathrm{text} | \(\mathrm{ABC}\) |
\mathtt{text} | \(\mathtt{ABC}\) |
\mathcal{text} | \(\mathcal{ABC}\) |
\mathscr{text} | \(\mathscr{ABC}\) |
\mathfrak{text} | \(\mathfrak{ABC}\) |
字号
| 写法 | 效果 |
|---|
\Huge AB | \(\Huge AB\) |
\huge AB | \(\huge AB\) |
\LARGE AB | \(\LARGE AB\) |
\Large AB | \(\Large AB\) |
\large AB | \(\large AB\) |
\normalsize AB | \(\normalsize AB\) |
\small AB | \(\small AB\) |
\footnotesize AB | \(\footnotesize AB\) |
\scriptsize AB | \(\scriptsize AB\) |
\tiny AB | \(\tiny AB\) |
变音符号
| 写法 | 效果 |
|---|
\acute{a} | \(\acute{a}\) |
\bar{a} | \(\bar{a}\) |
\breve{a} | \(\breve{a}\) |
\check{a} | \(\check{a}\) |
\dot{a} | \(\dot{a}\) |
\ddot{a} | \(\ddot{a}\) |
\grave{a} | \(\grave{a}\) |
\hat{a} | \(\hat{a}\) |
\mathring{a} | \(\mathring{a}\) |
\tilde{a} | \(\tilde{a}\) |
希腊字母
| 大写字母 | 写法 | 小写字母 | 写法 |
|---|
| \(\mathrm{A}\) | \mathrm{A} | \(\alpha\) | \alpha |
| \(\mathrm{B}\) | \mathrm{B} | \(\beta\) | \beta |
| \(\Gamma\) | \Gamma | \(\gamma\) | \gamma |
| \(\Delta\) | \Delta | \(\delta\) | \delta |
| \(\mathrm{E}\) | \mathrm{E} | \(\epsilon\) | \epsilon |
| \(\mathrm{Z}\) | \mathrm{Z} | \(\zeta\) | \zeta |
| \(\mathrm{H}\) | \mathrm{H} | \(\eta\) | \eta |
| \(\Theta\) | \Theta | \(\theta\) | \theta |
| \(\mathrm{I}\) | \mathrm{I} | \(\iota\) | \iota |
| \(\mathrm{K}\) | \mathrm{K} | \(\kappa\) | \kappa |
| \(\Lambda\) | \Lambda | \(\lambda\) | \lambda |
| \(\mathrm{M}\) | \mathrm{M} | \(\mu\) | \mu |
| \(\mathrm{N}\) | \mathrm{N} | \(\nu\) | \nu |
| \(\Xi\) | \Xi | \(\xi\) | \xi |
| \(\mathrm{O}\) | \mathrm{O} | \(\omicron\) | \omicron |
| \(\Pi\) | \Pi | \(\pi\) | \pi |
| \(\mathrm{P}\) | \mathrm{P} | \(\rho\) | \rho |
| \(\Sigma\) | \Sigma | \(\sigma\) | \sigma |
| \(\mathrm{T}\) | \mathrm{T} | \(\tau\) | \tau |
| \(\Upsilon\) | \Upsilon | \(\upsilon\) | \upsilon |
| \(\Phi\) | \Phi | \(\phi\) | \phi |
| \(\mathrm{X}\) | \mathrm{X} | \(\chi\) | \chi |
| \(\Psi\) | \Psi | \(\psi\) | \psi |
| \(\Omega\) | \Omega | \(\omega\) | \omega |
数学符号
| 描述 | 写法 | 效果 |
|---|
| 加 | + | \(+\) |
| 减 | - | \(-\) |
| 正负 | \pm | \(\pm\) |
| 叉乘 | \times | \(\times\) |
| 点乘 | \cdot | \(\cdot\) |
| 除 | \div | \(\div\) |
| 除 | / | \(/\) |
| 上标 | a^b | \(a^b\) |
| 下标 | a_b | \(a_b\) |
| 下点 | \ldots | \(1,2,3,\ldots\) |
| 中点 | \cdots | \(1+2+3+\cdots\) |
| 竖点 | \vdots | \(\vdots\) |
| 斜点 | \ddots | \(\ddots\) |
| 分数 | \frac{n}{m} | \(\frac{n}{m}\) |
| 组合 | {n =\choose k} | \({n \choose k}\) |
| 平方根 | \sqrt{x} | \(\sqrt{x}\) |
| n 次方根 | \sqrt[n]{x} | \(\sqrt[n]{x}\) |
| 无穷 | \infty | \(\infty\) |
| 映射 | \to | \(\to\) |
| 向量 | \vec{v} | \(\vec{v}\) |
| 空心圈 | \circ | \(\circ\) |
| 实心圈 | \bullet | \(\bullet\) |
| 与 | \oplus | \(\oplus\) |
| 或 | \otimes | \(\otimes\) |
| 等于 | = | \(=\) |
| 不等于 | \ne | \(\ne\) |
| 恒等于 | \equiv | \(\equiv\) |
| 约等于 | \approx | \(\approx\) |
| 正比 | \propto | \(\propto\) |
| 大于 | > | \(>\) |
| 大于等于 | \ge | \(\ge\) |
| 大于等于 | \geqslant | \(\geqslant\) |
| 不小于 | \nless | \(\nless\) |
| 远小于 | \ll | \(\ll\) |
| 远大于 | \gg | \(\gg\) |
集合
| 描述 | 写法 | 效果 |
|---|
| 子集 | \subset | \(\subset\) |
| 超集 | \supset | \(\supset\) |
| 非子集 | \not\subset | \(\not\subset\) |
| 非超集 | \not\supset | \(\not\supset\) |
| 并 | \cup | \(\cup\) |
| 交 | \cap | \(\cap\) |
| 差 | \setminus | \(\setminus\) |
| 非 | \neg | \(\neg\) |
| 属于 | \in | \(\in\) |
| 不属于 | \notin | \(\notin\) |
| 拥有 | \ni | \(\ni\) |
逻辑
| 描述 | 写法 | 效果 |
|---|
| 存在 | \exists | \(\exists\) |
| 有且仅有一个 | \exists! | \(\exists!\) |
| 不存在 | \nexists | \(\nexists\) |
| 对于全部 | \forall | \(\forall\) |
| 逻辑或 | \lor | \(\lor\) |
| 逻辑和 | \land | \(\land\) |
| 暗示 | \Longrightarrow | \(\Longrightarrow\) |
| 暗示(仅当) | \Longleftarrow | \(\Longleftarrow\) |
| 相当于 | \iff | \(\iff\) |
| 首选右侧 | \Rightarrow | \(\Rightarrow\) |
| 首选左侧 | \Leftarrow | \(\Leftarrow\) |
| 优先等同于 | \Leftrightarrow | \(\Leftrightarrow\) |
| 因为 | \because | \(\because\) |
| 所以 | \therefore | \(\therefore\) |
几何
| 描述 | 写法 | 效果 |
|---|
| 角度 | \angle | \(\angle\) |
| 三角 | \triangle | \(\triangle\) |
| 正方形 | \square | \(\square\) |
| 全等于 | \cong | \(\cong\) |
| 不全等于 | \ncong | \(\cong\) |
| 相似于 | \sim | \(\sim\) |
| 不相似于 | \nsim | \(\sim\) |
| 平行于 | \parallel | \(\parallel\) |
| 不平行于 | \nparallel | \(\nparallel\) |
| 垂直于 | \perp | \(\perp\) |
| 不垂直于 | \not\perp | \(\not\perp\) |
箭头
| 描述 | 写法 | 效果 |
|---|
| 上箭头 | \uparrow | \(\uparrow\) |
| 双线上箭头 | \Uparrow | \(\Uparrow\) |
| 下箭头 | \downarrow | \(\downarrow\) |
| 双线下箭头 | \Downarrow | \(\Downarrow\) |
| 上下箭头 | \updownarrow | \(\updownarrow\) |
| 双线上下箭头 | \Updownarrow | \(\Updownarrow\) |
| 长左箭头 | \longleftarrow | \(\longleftarrow\) |
| 双线长左箭头 | \Longleftarrow | \(\Longleftarrow\) |
| 长右箭头 | \longrightarrow | \(\longrightarrow\) |
| 双线长右箭头 | \Longrightarrow | \(\Longrightarrow\) |
微积分
| 描述 | 写法 | 效果 |
|---|
| 微分 | dx | \(dx\) |
| 偏微分 | \partial x | \(\partial x\) |
| 向量微积分 | \nabla | \(\nabla\) |
| 极限 | \lim | \(\lim_{x\to\infty}\) |
| 求和 | \sum | \(\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}a_n\) |
| 求积 | \prod | \(\prod_{n=1}^{\infty}a_n\) |
| 积分 | \int | \(\int\) |
| 双重积分 | \iint | \(\iint\) |
| 三重积分 | \iiint | \(\iiint\) |
| 多重积分 | \idotsint | \(\idotsint\) |
| 环路积分 | \oint | \(\oint\) |
矩阵
| 描述 | 写法 | 效果 |
|---|
| 矩阵 | matrix | \begin{matrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{matrix} |
| 矩阵 | vmatrix | \begin{vmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{vmatrix} |
| 矩阵 | Vmatrix | \begin{Vmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{Vmatrix} |
| 矩阵 | pmatrix | \begin{pmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{pmatrix} |
| 矩阵 | bmatrix | \begin{bmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{bmatrix} |
| 矩阵 | Bmatrix | \begin{Bmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{Bmatrix} |
其他
| 描述 | 写法 | 效果 |
|---|
| 下括号 | \underbrace{}_{} | \(\underbrace{1,2,3,\ldots}_{n}\) |
| 上括号 | \overbrace{}^{} | \(\overbrace{1+2+3+\cdots+100}^{5050}\) |
| 括号大小 | ( \big( \Big( \bigg( \Bigg( | \(( \big( \Big( \bigg( \Bigg(\) |
| 颜色 | \textcolor{blue}{} | \(\textcolor{blue}{F=ma}\) |
| 颜色块 | \colorbox{#228B22}{} | \(\colorbox{#228B22}{F=ma}\) |
| 颜色框 | \fcolorbox{red}{yellow}{} | \(\fcolorbox{red}{yellow}{F=ma}\) |
| 删除线 | \cancel{} 或 \bcancel{} 或 \xcancel{} 或 \sout{} | \(\cancel{44}\) 或 \(\bcancel{55}\) 或 \(\xcancel{66}\) 或 \(\sout{77}\) |
| 框线 | \boxed{} | \(\boxed{\pi=3.14\ldots}\) |
| 上移 | \overset{}{} | \(\overset{A}{B}\) |
| 下移 | \underset{}{} | \(\underset{A}{B}\) |
| 上下分布 | \atop | \(AA \atop BB\) |
Author
winsphinx
LastMod
2019-09-30
(77e1cf67)
[笔记] 用 Emacs 写 LaTex
License
